Marine mammals are getting sick and dying in alarming numbers along the California coast, according to one marine rescue group.<\/b>
\nMarine mammals are getting sick and dying in alarming numbers along the California coast, according to one marine rescue group that tracks such trends.
More than 400 mammals have been reported stranded or sickened along the state\u2019s central coast since June, according to the Marine Mammal Center, with more than two-thirds of them dying. Many more likely died at sea or expired before anyone spotted them, the rescue group believes.
The culprits? A corkscrew bacteria called leptospirosis, toxic algae blooms, and changes in the food supply, according to the Los Angeles Times.
The Times story described an emaciated sea lion found on a beach north of Santa Cruz, the animal in a self-embrace from the bacteria that damages mammals\u2019 kidneys and inflames their gastrointestinal tracks.
\u201cThat\u2019s a classic sign of lepto,\u201d said Giancarlo Rulli, a spokesperson with the center, pointing to the young animal\u2019s self-embrace. \u201cThey hold their stomach just like that. Like a sick child with a bellyache.\u201d
Scores of sea lions have shown those symptoms over the summer on California beaches, according to an earlier report.
The disease can also be fatal for dogs. Since it is transmitted through contaminated water, experts urge Californians to keep their canines on leashes and not let them approach marine animals.
The center rescues the sick sea lions and takes them in for examinations and diagnostic tests. The animals are treated with antibiotics and other drugs. It can take a few weeks to a few months for them to recover.
Whether or not the other factors \u2013 poisonous algal blooms off the central and southern coasts and changes in the food supply \u2013 occurring at the same time are related is the subject of scientific inquiry.
\u201cWe\u2019re trying to build our understanding of how ocean conditions relate to the occurrence of disease,\u201d Jamie Lloyd-Smith, an ecologist and evolutionary biologist at UCLA told the Times. \u201cBut it\u2019s a work in progress. And the world is changing quickly underneath our feet.\u201d
Katie Prager, a disease ecologist at UCLA said the first outbreak of leptospirosis in sea lions was reported along the West Coast in 1970.
By the 1980s, marine groups were keeping comprehensive records. They found that the bacterium tends to cause small, annual outbreaks that start in late summer and last just a month or two, according to the Times report.
Every three to five years, however, they\u2019d see a big outbreak in which scores of animals got sick, Rulli said.
Lloyd-Smith and others say population dynamics likely drive the higher case years, such as when young animals come in contact with the bacteria.
Leptospirosis typically kills about two-thirds of the animals it sickens.
Contributor Lowell Cauffiel is the best-selling author of the Los Angeles crime novel Below the Line and nine other crime novels and nonfiction titles. See lowellcauffiel.com for more<\/p>\n