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How to Debug an Unresponsive Elasticsearch Cluster

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While highly scalable, Elastisearch is complex to set up. Read on for a cheat sheet for common integration issues, what they mean, and how to solve them.
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Elasticsearch is an open-source search engine and analytics store used by a variety of applications from search in e-commerce stores, to internal log management tools using the ELK stack (short for “Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana”). As a distributed database, your data is partitioned into “shards” which are then allocated to one or more servers.
Because of this sharding, a read or write request to an Elasticsearch cluster requires coordinating between multiple nodes as there is no “global view” of your data on a single server. While this makes Elasticsearch highly scalable, it also makes it much more complex to setup and tune than other popular databases like MongoDB or PostgresSQL, which can run on a single server.
When reliability issues come up, firefighting can be stressful if your Elasticsearch setup is buggy or unstable. Your incident could be impacting customers which could negatively impact revenue and your business reputation. Fast remediation steps are important, yet spending a large amount of time researching solutions online during an incident or outage is not a luxury most engineers have. This guide is intended to be a cheat sheet for common issues that engineers running that can cause issues with Elasticsearch and what to look for.

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