They are both privacy features, with Apple trying to inform you what apps are accessing sensitive bits of the iPhone hardware.
For decades, when a computer has something to tell us that it can’t do through its screen or speakers, it does so through various colored lights. Why waste screen real estate when you can convey an entire message through a little blinky green light, after all? While this design sensibility isn’t as common as it used to be, especially on mobile devices like smartphones, there are still a couple of blinky lights to be found on modern devices like iPhones.
For example, occasionally, when you are using an iPhone, you may notice a distinctive dot in the upper-right corner of your display, colored either orange or green.
