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Trump names China critic Lighthizer as U. S. trade representative

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NewsHubBy David Lawder
WASHINGTON (Reuters) – U. S. President-elect Donald Trump on Tuesday named Robert Lighthizer, an official in the Reagan administration and harsh critic of China’s trade practices, to be his chief trade negotiator, responsible for better deals aimed at reducing U. S. trade deficits.
Trump, who promised during his presidential campaign to renegotiate international trade deals like NAFTA and punish companies that ship work overseas, said in announcing his choice that Lighthizer would help « fight for good trade deals that put the American worker first. « Lighthizer is a former deputy U. S. trade representative under former Republican President Ronald Reagan who helped to stem the tide of imports from Japan in the 1980s with threats of quotas and punitive tariffs.
His return to the agency follows nearly three decades as a lawyer representing U. S. steelmakers and other companies in anti-dumping and anti-subsidy cases.
Lighthizer has argued that China has failed to live up to commitments made in 2001 when it joined the World Trade Organization and that tougher tactics are needed to change the system, even if it means deviating from World Trade Organization rules.
« Years of passivity and drift among U. S. policymakers have allowed the U. S.­-China trade deficit to grow to the point where it is widely recognized as a major threat to our economy, » Lighthizer wrote in 2010 congressional testimony.
« Going forward, U. S. policymakers should take these problems more seriously, and should take a much more aggressive approach in dealing with China, » he wrote.
Lighthizer is regarded as an experienced tactician with an intimate knowledge of trade tools that were widely used before the WTO was created in 1995, including « Section 301 » tariffs used to stem a tide of imports of Japanese steel and vehicles in the 1980s.
During his tenure, Reagan struck the 1985 Plaza Accord currency deal with Japan, Germany and other major trading partners that brought down the dollar’s value and encouraged more foreign companies to set up U. S. manufacturing plants.
« Bob Lighthizer is very smart, very strategic and totally fearless, » said a Washington attorney who has worked with him for three decades but asked not to be named. « You can expect him to use every tool available to create leverage to get China and anyone else to stop the cheating. He is no fan of the WTO.  »
Still, Lighthizer is not expected to be the Trump administration’s leading voice on trade policy. Last month, Trump’s team said that task would fall to the U. S. Commerce Secretary nominee, billionaire investor Wilbur Ross..
Trump, who takes office on Jan. 20, has also named Peter Navarro, an economist and adviser who has urged a hard line against China, as the head of a newly formed White House National Trade Council.
(Additional reporting by David Alexander; Editing by Susan Heavey, Chizu Nomiyama and Jeffrey Benkoe)

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Trump's Pick For U. S. Trade Representative Hints At Big Policy Overhaul : The Two-Way : NPR

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NewsHubJackie Northam
President-elect Donald Trump said Tuesday that he intends to nominate Robert Lighthizer as his U. S. trade representative, potentially signaling a major overhaul of U. S. trade policy once Trump takes office.
Lighthizer has long advocated a tougher stand on trade with China, which is in line with Trump’s campaign rhetoric.
Lighthizer, 69, was deputy U. S. trade representative under former President Ronald Reagan during a time of ferocious trade wars with Japan. He has spent the past three decades as a Washington, D. C., lawyer primarily representing U. S. steelmakers in trade cases.
He would replace Michael Froman, who led negotiations for the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a massive trade deal devised to link the economies of the U. S. and 11 other Pacific nations. Trump says the TPP would take away American jobs and has vowed to pull out of the deal. He has also threatened to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement, hammer out new bilateral deals and slap punitive tariffs on a number of U. S. trading partners seen as violating trade rules.
Lighthizer gained plenty of experience negotiating tough bilateral trade deals on everything from steel to grain during his time in the Reagan administration, according to a statement from Trump’s office. The president-elect says Lighthizer will do an « amazing job helping turn around the failed trade policies which have robbed so many Americans of prosperity.  »
One target would be China, which Lighthizer has accused of unfair trade practices.
He wrote in 2010 congressional testimony that years of passivity had allowed the U. S.-China trade deficit to grow « to the point where it is widely recognized as a major threat to our economy.  » Going forward, he wrote, U. S. policymakers needed to take more aggressive approach in dealing with China.
Lighthizer won’t be the lone voice on trade in the Trump administration. Peter Navarro, widely considered a China hawk, will head up a new trade council. Trump’s pick for Commerce secretary, billionaire investor Wilbur Ross, also could play a role on trade policy.
Lighthizer’s nomination quickly drew praise from many Democrats calling for a change in U. S. trade policy. Richard Neal, D-Mass., ranking member of the Ways and Means Committee, called Lighthizer a skilled negotiator whose nomination could « signal a welcome move in a new direction for the Republican party.  » Still, Neal acknowledged that many Republicans are advocates of free trade deals, saying Lighthizer’s ability to change policy will depend on « if he is able to overcome the resistance he is likely to face within his party. « 

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Trump’s top trade pick ‘set to strain economic ties with China’

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NewsHubDonald Trump’s top pick as his US trade representative – a veteran supporter of “get tough on ­China” trade talks – will cast a ­further shadow over bilateral trade and investment ties, ­according to senior Chinese government advisers. Robert Lighthizer, a trade lawyer who served as deputy US trade representative under president Ronald Reagan in the 1980s, is tipped to head Trump’s top trade-negotiating agency. Analysts said Lighthizer’s expected nomination was just another example of Trump packing his economic team with conservative veterans of US steel interests and vocal critics of China’s trade barriers such as export subsidies and market access restrictions. Trump’s trade team, including his nominee for commerce secretary, billionaire investor ­Wilbur Ross, and Peter Navarro, director of the newly established National Trade Council, would inevitably make economic and trade ties between China and the US more difficult, according to former vice-commerce minister Wei Jianguo. Wei, now a deputy director of the China Centre for International Economic Exchanges, said the nomination of Lighthizer, one of Trump’s top trade advisers and a supporter of the president-elect’s tough approach to trade with ­China since at least 2011, was not surprising. “I am not optimistic about bilateral trade relations under Trump as we look set to see more disagreements and frictions on various import and export sectors, which is definitely not good news for China-US ties,” he said. “But considering the increasingly intertwined trade ties between Beijing and Washington in recent years, I don’t think we are going to see the possibility of a full-fledged trade war between the world’s top two economies.” Wang Huiyao, president of the Centre for China and Globalisation and an adviser to the State Council, said that while Beijing should be prepared for trade disputes under Trump, it was too early to say if he would translate his aggressive anti-free trade campaign rhetoric into policy. “Trump is a businessman and I think he is just talking tough to get better deals vis-à-vis China,” Wang said. Trade had been a central issue throughout Trump’s election campaign. “He has to talk tough on trade to China partly because that’s how he got elected,” Wang said. Analysts also noted Trump and many of his trade advisers, such as Navarro and Dan DiMicco, former chief executive of North Carolina-based steelmaker Nucor, vigorously opposed the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership pact and promised to levy hefty tariffs on Chinese imports. Trump criticised China on Twitter on Monday for “taking out massive amounts of money & wealth from the US in totally one-sided trade” while refusing to rein in nuclear-armed North Korea. “We should take Trump’s tough talk seriously but not literally. I’d rather think he intends to test Beijing’s bottom line instead of provoking China,” Wei said. Under Trump, the US trade representative – who traditionally has had authority over trade negotiations – will not serve as the main architect of US trade policy, according to Reuters. Instead, the commerce secretary and Navarro’s new office are expected to play more important roles in setting the trade agenda.

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A smart home scoreboard for CES 2017

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NewsHubHow about a good, old-fashioned technology arms race?
You could just buy a smart light bulb set, but for a lot of consumers (reportedly more than 5 million of you, as of November 2016), it’s Amazon ‘s voice-activated Alexa that will be the entry point for controlling devices around your home.
Along with Amazon, Apple continues to grow its Siri-powered HomeKit smart home system. Google has also entered the fray with its own blandly named smart home AI, Google Assistant, which featured prominently in Google’s Echo-imitating Google Home speaker in November 2016.
The scoreboard captures both quantity and quality of new devices, the latter based on the importance of each announcement to its respective platform. Check back every morning at 8 a.m. ET or 5 a.m. PT for your daily update.
We’ve left Google off of our scoreboard for now, but we’ll add it in if we start to see enough new Google Home or Google Assistant support. Also note that we’re only counting products that have explicitly stated support for their respective platforms « We’re looking into adding platform X later this year » doesn’t count.
For a deeper look at the new devices coming to each platform, these are our dedicated pages rounding up all the new announcements:
The list represents everything we’re aware of at the start of each day here at the show. See something we missed? Drop us a comment, or you can send me an email by clicking the link on my CNET profile page.
Click here for the rest of our coverage from CES 2017.

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Designer Vitaly Bulgarov insists South Korean robot Method-2 is real

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NewsHubBut while this 13ft « robot-powered suit » is the work of Hollywood designer Vitaly Bulgarov, he says Method-2 is very real and being developed in a giant lab in Gunpo, South Korea.
Bulgarov has been involved in a number of blockbusters. His latest movie project, « Ghost in the Shell, » is a sci-fi based on a Japanese manga, starring Scarlett Johansen as a cyborg counter-terrorist field commander.
« It is fair to say that I draw knowledge and inspiration from each project I work on. And with some later movies it’s the other way around, » Bulgarov tells CNN.
Piloted robots have been a staple of Japanese animation (anime) and comics (manga), for decades in Japan and feature household names like « Gundam » and « Evangelion.  »
The phenomenon then spread to popular culture abroad with cartoons like « Voltron » — originally from Japan but a hit in the U. S. — and movies such as 2013’s « Pacific Rim.  »
« With robotic designs for the newer films I worked on, I was trying to bring more realism in terms of how a fictional design functions mechanically; whether it’s believable enough, how it’s structurally built, » he says.
Bulgarov’s other recent projects include designing the Lamborghini Transformer « Lockdown » and the robotic body suit for the latest « Robocop » reboot.
However, unlike these fictional enterprises, Method-2 has some very real aspirations.
Built by South Korean company Hankook Mirae Technology , which translates to Korea Future Technology in English, the company says its goal with the Method-2 prototype is to develop technology that can be put to use in a variety of real-world scenarios.
« Future iterations could find its application in a lot of different areas, from construction and cargo loading to rescue operations, » Bulgarov tells CNN.
He says that one short-term modification includes mounting the top part of the robot-suit on to a larger wheeled platform, which enables it to pass through uneven terrain and leaves room for a « sufficient power source.  »
« A modified version of that robotic vehicle is already in development and planned to operate in the Fukushima disaster area, » he says.
In March 2011, an earthquake and tsunami triggered a nuclear meltdown at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, leaking dangerous radiation and making it extremely risky for workers tasked with containing the damage.
USA vs. Japan Part II: Giant robots set to duel
Hoax?
Some media outlets have questioned the veracity of the prototype , drawing attention to Bulgarov’s professional experience as a visual effects artist, the initial lack of online presence for the firm Hankook Mirae, and skepticism surrounding engineer secrecy and the look and feel of the lab.
« It is real, » says Bulgarov. « The videos I posted don’t use any visual effects and have no computer graphics elements.  » He says the only editing involved was a little bit of color and contrast correction to make it look « more clean » and « feel more cool and futuristic.  »
He also argues that the website’s early inactivity was due to the fact the company hadn’t planned to unveil Method-2 until much later in 2017, and they were caught by surprise when videos Bulgarov had permission to publish to his own followers went viral.
« The company planned to do a proper press release and website release with more materials next year, when the current prototype was complete, » he says.
« We didn’t think it would go viral just yet.  »
He says his team’s still refining Method-2’s functionality and exterior design.
« As you can see the legs still have no shells covers and feature a ‘naked’ frame, » he says, adding that they also need to rework the arm frames and reduce the way the arms shake when it walks.
Domo Arigato, Mr. Roboto: Japan’s robot revolution
Bulgarov says the next version of Method-2 could be ready to face the public later this year.
For now, says Bulgarov like a proud parent, « Method-2 is just a one-year-old, and like a baby making its first steps. « 

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Study claiming North Carolina isn't a democracy is dangerous and ridiculous

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NewsHubAn academic study claiming North Carolina is only slightly more democratic than Cuba is not only ridiculous, but also dangerous.
This absurd charge was repeated recently in a Raleigh News & Observer op-ed by political science professor Andrew Reynolds, co-founder of the Electoral Integrity Project.
His article, titled  » North Carolina is no longer classified as a democracy , » came amid attempts by Republican state lawmakers to limit incoming Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper’s power.
Several newsrooms, including MSNBC and the Huffington Post, repeated the unflattering claim, despite the many questions surrounding the EIP’s methodology, and the fact that previous versions of the group’s global measurement of electoral integrity ranked North Korea ahead of most other nations.
Individual reporters were also quick to share Reynolds’ dubious claim on social media:
The Raleigh News & Observer op-ed reads:
In the just released [Electoral Integrity Project] report, North Carolina’s overall electoral integrity score of 58/100 for the 2016 election places us alongside authoritarian states and pseudo-democracies like Cuba, Indonesia and Sierra Leone. If it were a nation state, North Carolina would rank right in the middle of the global league table — a deeply flawed, partly free democracy that is only slightly ahead of the failed democracies that constitute much of the developing world.
Cuba currently ranks as 56 in the group’s measurement of electoral integrity in 127 countries.
Though the EIP’s claim that the Tar Heel State is only slightly more democratic than Cuba dates back a few years, it has been repeated recently by multiple newsrooms, including Vox.com , Slate , MSNBC and the Huffington Post .
But despite the apparent popularity of the claim, the EIP’s methodology not only leaves much to be desired, its findings are also likely politically motivated, according to the statistician Andrew Gelman.
Reynolds, tellingly, singled out North Carolina even though the state ranks higher than Ohio, Michigan and Alabama, to name a few. North Carolina has recently been at the center of culture wars and partisan warfare.
« If Reynolds, Norris, etc., don’t like what the North Carolina legislature has been doing, fine. It could even be unconstitutional, I have no sense of such things, » Gelman wrote. « And I agree with the general point that there are degrees of electoral integrity or democracy or whatever. Vote suppression is not the same thing as [a] one-party state and any number-juggling that suggests that is just silly, but, sure, put together enough restrictions and gerrymandering and ex post facto laws and so on, and that can add up.  »
The result looked like « an unstable combination of political ideology, academic self-promotion, credulous journalism, and plain old incompetence, » Gelman concluded.
North Korea managed to rank 65 out of a 127 countries in EIP’s 2014 global measurement of voter integrity. Political ideology and « plain old incompetence » would certainly explain how the Hermit Kingdom managed to score above 50 out of 100 on categories including « electoral laws, « voter registration, » « voting process » and « results.  »
« [T]he response rate for North Korea is given as 6%, » Gelman noted, citing the group’s methodology and data. « And the report said they consulted about 40 ‘domestic and international experts’ for each election. Hmmm… 6% of 40 is 2.4, so maybe they got 3 respondents for North Korea, 2 of whom were Stalinists.  »
North Korea was quietly removed from all studies published after 2014.
Aside from being absurd, the EIP study is also dangerous, as Gelman and his associate, Nick Stevenson, rightly note.
It’s the sort of thing that bad faith actors will cling to as they attempt to obscure and justify their actions. When human rights activists and dissidents correctly and accurately accuse countries with one-party rule of fraud and other election abuses, the accused can point to supposedly reliable reports and say with a straight face, « This study says otherwise.  »
Paul Ryan’s election was far smoother than John Boehner’s in 2015.

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In Under an Hour Trump Has Provoked a Foreign Dictatorship Over Nuclear Weapons and a Foreign Nuclear Power

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NewsHubDonald Trump is still not the president but he’s certainly acting as if he were – although his actions are far from presidential. Late Monday afternoon Trump tried to provoke two powerful foreign countries over nuclear weapons, just ten days after calling for a nuclear arms race with Russia.
His first nuclear tweet was almost a dare to the highly volatile North Korea (DPRK):
His second was to China, a nuclear power:
Independent journalist Leah McElrath who has written about Trump for Salon made the observation:
Also on Twitter, many are sounding the alarm:
Trump Doubles Down On Nuclear Tweet: ‘Let It Be An Arms Race’
After Trump Asks Why US Can’t Use Nuclear Weapons, Nuclear Launch Officer Warns ‘Buckle the Hell Up’
Trump Says He Wants to Increase America’s Stockpile of Nuclear Weapons – After Putin Just Said He Does Too
Nearly Half of Voters Believe Donald Trump Will Drop a Nuclear Bomb if He’s Elected
A Trump Presidency Would Be Such a Crisis It Was Just Added to The Economist’s Top Ten Global Risks
Watch: Trump Spokeswoman Says Trump Won’t Be Afraid To Use Nuclear Weapons
Trump Gaining Control of Nuclear Weapons ‘Could End Mankind’ Says Director of Top Think Tank
To comment on this article and other NCRM content, visit our Facebook page.
Image by Gage Skidmore via Flickr and a CC license

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South Korea welcomes Trump's nuclear comments

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NewsHubUS President-elect Donald Trump’s « clear warning » to North Korea shows he is aware of the urgency of the threat posed by its nuclear programme and will not waver from a policy of sanctions against the isolated country, South Korea has said.
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un said on Sunday that his nuclear-capable country was close to test-launching an intercontinental ballistic missile, raising the prospect of putting parts of the United States in range.
Taking to Twitter, Mr Trump dismissed the claim, saying « It won’t happen.  »
South Korea’s foreign ministry said Mr Trump’s comment, his first mention of the North Korean nuclear issue since the US election in November, could be interpreted as a « clear warning » to the North.
« Because of our active outreach, President-elect Trump and US officials are clearly aware of the gravity and urgency of the North Korean nuclear threat, » ministry spokesman Cho June-hyuck told a briefing.
« They are maintaining an unwavering stance on the need for sanctions on North Korea and for close cooperation between South Korea and the US ».
Mr Trump has not outlined a policy on North Korea, but during the US election campaign indicated he would be willing to talk its leader, Mr Kim, given the opportunity.
He has also been critical of China over the issue. Yesterday, Mr Trump said China had benefited from its economic ties with the US but would not use its influence to help control North Korea.
Responding to the comment, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said China had been pushing for the denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula.
« China’s efforts in this regard are perfectly obvious, » Mr Geng told a news briefing.  »
As a permanent member of the UN Security Council we have proactively participated in relevant discussions on the North Korean nuclear issue and have jointly passed several resolutions with other parties.
« This shows China’s responsible attitude, » Mr Shuang added.
For years the US has dismissed North Korean calls for talks, insisting it must disarm first.
Instead, the US and ally South Korea have responded to two North Korean nuclear tests and various missile tests last year with ever-more severe sanctions.
The UN Security Council imposed new sanctions on North Korea at the end of November after the country carried out its fifth and largest nuclear test so far in September.
A North Korean ICBM, once fully developed, could threaten the continental US, which is about 9,000 km from the North.
ICBMs have a minimum range of about 5,500 km, but some are designed to travel 10,000 km or further.
North Korea worked last year on developing components for an ICBM, making the claim that it was close to a test-launch plausible, international weapons experts said yesterday.

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N. Korea says intercontinental missile is near. Trump says 'It won't happen!'

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North Korea kicked off 2017 with Kim Jong Un suggesting the country is nearly ready to test-launch an intercontinental ballistic missile.
But President-elect Donald Trump doesn’t seem convinced, saying “it won’t happen.”
North Korea just stated that it is in the final stages of developing a nuclear weapon capable of reaching parts of the U. S. It won’t happen!
Trump responded to Kim’s annual New Year’s address on Sunday, in which he said that plans for launching a missile have “reached the final stage, » though he did not explicitly say it was an intercontinental ballistic missile. The test would come a year after testing what the North claims was its first hydrogen bomb.
During his speech, Kim said he would bolster his country’s military capabilities unless the U. S. stopped war games with South Korea. He stopped short of threatening a war with the South, arguing that the country had to avoid another Korean war. Instead, he said, the country should focus on building its economy under a five-year plan announced in May.
South Korea’s Unification Ministry said in a statement that it “strongly condemns” Kim’s threat to proceed with a test launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile and strengthen North Korea’s nuclear-weapon capabilities.
Trump has said in the past that he would work with China to “close down” North Korea’s nuclear weapons program, but that strategy may have changed. During the general election he said it was up to China to deal with the threat North Korea posed in the region.
China, North Korea’s biggest ally, signed on to international sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council in response to North Korea’s nuclear weapons tests, but one expert told USA TODAY it could walk away from them.
Trump followed up with a swipe at China and its relationship with North Korea.
China has been taking out massive amounts of money & wealth from the U. S. in totally one-sided trade, but won’t help with North Korea. Nice!

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Donald Trump’s claim nuke couldn’t reach U. S. may underestimate North Korea’s nuclear program

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NewsHubSEOUL, Korea, Republic Of – U. S. President-elect Donald Trump took to Twitter to vow that North Korea won’t develop a nuclear weapon capable of reaching parts of the United States. But it might already have done so.
Views vary, sometimes wildly, on the exact state of North Korea’s closely-guarded nuclear and missile programs, but after five atomic test explosions and a rising number of ballistic missile test launches, some experts believe North Korea can arm short- and mid-range missiles with atomic warheads.
READ MORE: North Korea ‘won’t’ develop nuclear weapon capable of reaching US, Donald Trump says
That would allow Pyongyang to threaten U. S. forces stationed in Asia and add teeth to its threat last year to use nuclear weapons to “sweep Guam, the base of provocations, from the surface of the earth.”
Guam is a strategically important U. S. territory in the Pacific. Some experts see the U. S. mainland as potentially within reach in as little as five years if North Korea’s nuclear progress isn’t stopped.
Trump’s tweet on Monday night U. S. time was in response to North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, who said Sunday in his annual New Year’s address that preparations for launching an intercontinental ballistic missile have “reached the final stage.” He did not explicitly say a test was imminent.
Trump tweeted, “North Korea just stated that it is in the final stages of developing a nuclear weapon capable of reaching parts of the U. S. It won’t happen!”
READ MORE: North Korea says long-range missiles development is ‘in final stages’
Trump counsellor Kellyanne Conway said Monday on MSNBC that the world should be grateful Trump told millions of people that, where the North Korean threat is concerned, “he intends to stop it.”
WATCH: Donald Trump blames Hillary Clinton for North Korea’s nuclear tests
North Korea, poor, suspicious of outsiders and governed by a third-generation dictator, is used to being underestimated and mocked. Few believed it could build a nuclear program that would keep U. S. presidents since the early 1990s up at night.
Armed to the teeth, acutely bellicose and not afraid to push tensions on the Korean Peninsula to the brink, Pyongyang could be among Trump’s top foreign policy challenges.
Here’s a look at how close North Korea may already be to proving Trump’s tweet wrong:
THE NUKES
There’s a general consensus that Pyongyang has made significant nuclear and missile progress under Kim, who took over after his father, Kim Jong Il, died in late 2011.
Kim has conducted three of the country’s five total nuclear tests, including two last year. Propaganda out of Pyongyang makes clear that North Korea views nuclear weapons as essential to keeping at bay U. S. and South Korean forces it says are intent on its destruction.
READ MORE: US spy chief: getting North Korea to give up nuclear weapons ‘a lost cause’
Some U. S. experts believe North Korea may have enough fuel for about 20 bombs, with a half dozen more possible each year.
Fuel is one thing; it’s much more difficult to develop the technology needed to build bombs small enough to fit on missile tips.
Each new nuclear test, however, pushes the North another big step toward its goal of an arsenal of nuclear missiles capable of hitting the U. S. mainland.
THE MISSILES
Outsiders don’t know for sure whether North Korea can arm any of its ballistic missiles, regardless of range, with nuclear warheads yet.
But Siegfried Hecker, a leading North Korea nuclear expert, wrote after last year’s September nuclear test that outsiders should now assume that Pyongyang has “designed and demonstrated” atomic warheads that can be placed on short- and possibly medium-range missiles.
WATCH: South Korea has an assassination plan for Kim Jong Un: report
North Korea may deploy a “working, nuclear-tipped ballistic missile” by 2020, according to another expert, Euan Graham, director of the International Security Program at the Lowy Institute.
North Korea has an arsenal of short-range Scuds and mid-range Rodong missiles, and some South Korean experts believe those can already be armed with nukes.
That would put in danger the roughly 28,000 U. S. forces in South Korea and another 50,000 in Japan.
READ MORE: North Korea fails to launch another missile: US military
While there’s not a consensus, some South Korean experts also believe the North can place a nuclear warhead on the more powerful mid-range Musudan missile, which could target Guam, about 3,000 kilometres (1,900 miles) away. Last year, after a string of failures, North Korea launched a Musudan missile that some experts considered a success.
Kim Jong Un has already conducted more ballistic missile tests, including from submarines, in his short time in power than his father did during his entire 18-year reign, Graham wrote last year.
This has allowed “refinements” in solid propellants, road mobility and experiments with vertical launches to high altitudes that could complicate U. S. and Japanese missile defence systems’ efforts to intercept, Graham wrote.
PUTTING IT TOGETHER
Even if North Korea can fit a nuclear weapon on a missile, it has yet to meet the even greater challenge of building a nuclear-tipped ICBM capable of hitting the U. S. mainland.
Since 2012, North Korea has conducted three satellite launches using long-range rockets, in what outsiders consider covers for banned tests of ICBM technology.
As with the nuclear detonations, each new rocket test puts the North closer to having a nuclear missile that can target the U. S. mainland. Hecker estimates that it may take North Korea five to 10 years to succeed.
CHINA’S ROLE
Another tweet from Trump criticized China, North Korea’s most important ally, for not doing more to discourage its nuclear weapons program: “China has been taking out massive amounts of money & wealth from the U. S. in totally one-sided trade, but won’t help with North Korea. Nice!”
While Beijing has publicly reprimanded Pyongyang after nuclear tests and has agreed to rounds of U. N. sanctions against the North, critics say China hasn’t done enough to tighten economic pressure.
READ MORE: Reports of activity at North Korean satellite launch site
Hours after Trump’s comments, the Chinese state-run Global Times newspaper accused him of “pandering to ‘irresponsible’ attitudes.” It said Pyongyang’s nuclear program “stokes the anxieties of some Americans” who blame China rather than looking inward.
WHAT’S NEXT
Pyongyang has a habit of taking a swing at new U. S. presidents, so Trump may not have long to wait before getting a fresh look at North Korean nuclear or missile technology.
Or both: In 2009, a newly inaugurated Barack Obama was greeted with a nuclear test and a long-range rocket launch.

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