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What Happened When Dylann Roof Asked Google For Information About Race?

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NewsHubRebecca Hersher
This undated photo appeared on a website investigated by the FBI in connection with Dylann Roof, who killed nine people in a Charleston, S. C., church in June 2015.
AP
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This undated photo appeared on a website investigated by the FBI in connection with Dylann Roof, who killed nine people in a Charleston, S. C., church in June 2015.
Dylann Roof murdered nine people in a church basement in Charleston in 2015.
He confessed to the massacre shortly after he was arrested. He didn’t testify at trial and no witnesses were called on his behalf before he was convicted of federal hate crimes.
The most emphatic statements on Roof’s behalf came from defense attorney David Bruck. For weeks, the prosecution had presented evidence that Roof is a white supremacist whose violent racism drove him to kill black people. Bruck asked the jury to consider how the 22-year-old came to believe the things he did.
As NPR reported :
» ‘There is hatred all right, and certainly racism, but it goes a lot further than that,’ [Bruck] said.
» ‘Every bit of motivation came from things he saw on the internet. That’s it. … ‘He is simply regurgitating, in whole paragraphs, slogans and facts — bits and pieces of facts that he downloaded from the internet directly into his brain.’ »
Bruck was referring to Roof’s assertion in his confession and in a manifesto that a Google search shaped his beliefs.
So when Roof asked Google for information about race, what did the search engine show him?
«The event that truly awakened me was the Trayvon Martin case,» Roof wrote in the racist manifesto he published online, a cached version of which was saved to Internet archive sites.
Roof was 17 years old at the time, the same age Trayvon Martin was when neighborhood watch volunteer George Zimmerman shot and killed the unarmed black teenager in 2012 .
«I kept hearing and seeing [Martin’s] name,» Roof wrote, «and eventually I decided to look him up. » Roof wrote that he «read the Wikipedia article» about the shooting and came to the conclusion that Zimmerman was not at fault.
«But,» he continued, «more importantly this prompted me to type in the words ‘black on White crime’ into Google, and I have never been the same since that day. »
In a videotaped interview with FBI agents after he was arrested in June 2015, Roof told a similar story. He said that after hearing about Martin’s death he had «decided to look his name up. Type him into Google, you know what I’m saying? »
Roof told investigators he had read the Wikipedia article for Martin, and then, «for some reason after I read that, I,» he paused before continuing, «I typed in — for some reason it made me type in the words black on white crime. »
«And that was it,» Roof said. «Ever since then… » he trailed off and didn’t finish the sentence.
It is impossible to know what Roof saw when he typed those words into Google. The search engine does not make the details of its search algorithm public, and even if the exact date and location of Roof’s initial search were known (court documents suggest only that it was around 2013), there is no public archive of past search results.
«Even the Wayback Machine , which is maintained by the Internet Archive, does not preserve search rankings,» explains Robert Epstein, a psychologist who studies how people interact with search engines and who has published multiple studies about Google’s algorithm.
«You can find old versions of Web pages,» he says, but «all this past stuff — search suggestions, search results — you cannot get to. »
Epstein says the closest approximation of what Roof saw on Google begins with the search engine’s «autocomplete» feature.
Taking Roof’s statements at face value, he went to Google.com and typed the letters in his search term, one at a time.
But he didn’t necessarily have to type all the letters in the search term, «b-l-a-c-k o-n w-h-i-t-e c-r-i-m-e. » NPR googled that phrase in December 2016 and January 2017, and found the letters «b-l-a-c-k o-n» elicited this top autocompleted suggestion: «black on white crime. »
Users need only press enter to complete the search.
Adding one letter to make it «b-l-a-c-k o-n w,» the top autocomplete suggestion remained the same, and the second was «black on white violence. » The third and fourth were «black on white crime statistics» and «black on white racism. »
The top autocomplete results for «w-h-i-t-e o-n w» were «white on white crime,» «white on white,» «white on white acid» and «white on white kitchen. »
A spokesperson for Google told NPR in an email that «autocomplete predictions are produced based on a number of factors including the popularity and freshness of search terms. »
«We do our best to prevent offensive terms, like porn and hate speech, from appearing, but we don’t always get it right,» the spokesperson continued and pointed to a June 2016 blog post by the search engine’s product management director, Tamar Yehoshua, saying Google had changed its algorithm to «avoid completing a search for a person’s name with terms that are offensive or disparaging. »
When Roof hit Enter for the search term «black on white crime,» the search engine returned a list of websites. «The first website I came to was the Council of Conservative Citizens,» Roof wrote.
The Council of Conservative Citizens is a white supremacist organization, according to the Anti-Defamation League, which tracks hate groups. In the aftermath of the Trayvon Martin shooting, the ADL reported that multiple hate groups used inaccurate Internet posts about crimes against white people as a «propaganda tool» for white supremacy.
As the ADL reported :
«On May 11, 2012, the white supremacist Council of Conservative Citizens (CofCC) posted an article on its Web site that claimed that a New Jersey newspaper had ‘censored’ the race of the alleged assailants in what it called ‘savage mob attacks’ on five white concertgoers in New Jersey. The CofCC dismissed both the newspaper and police accounts portraying the incident as an ‘isolated event.’ According to the CofCC, ‘almost as alarming as the epidemic violent crime being perpetrated against white people is the blatant media censorship and black-out of the racial element of the incidents.'»
It’s impossible to know whether the Council of Conservative Citizens page that Roof referenced appeared at the top of the Google search results. Results for a given search term and the order in which they’re presented change over time.
Google searches for «black on white crime» conducted by NPR in December 2016 and January 2017 found the top results included multiple white supremacist websites, but didn’t include anything from the Council of Conservative Citizens.
The top five results included the website New Nation News, which the Anti-Defamation League says «promotes the belief that ‘voluntary racial segregation in all prisons is a constitutional right,’ » and American Renaissance , a magazine put out by what the Southern Poverty Law Center calls «a self-styled think tank that promotes pseudo-scientific studies and research that purport to show the inferiority of blacks to whites. »
The first page of results also included an article published on the website The Root titled, «Open Letter to White People Who Are Obsessed With Black-on-Black Crime,» and a link to a forum about «Black on White Crime» on the neo-Nazi site The Daily Stormer.
«The two positions in the search results matter the most,» says Epstein, who has studied click rates for search results. «The top two draw 50 percent of clicks, and the numbers go down from there, so what’s at the top is extremely, extremely powerful. »
In NPR’s test search, New Nation News was the second option, following a post from the conservative website dailywire.com.
«People equate the position of search results with how true they are,» Epstein explains. «What’s higher is better. What’s higher is truer. »
In December, an extensive article published by The Guardian publicized another instance of potentially inflammatory rhetoric on Google’s search engine.
The newspaper pointed out that the search «j-e-w-s a-r-e» suggested, among others, the autocomplete phrase «are jews evil. » (The same final word was suggested for the search «a-r-e w-o-m-e-n. » The letters «a-r-e m-u-s-l-i-m-s» suggested the phrase «are muslims bad. «)
Google said it «took action within hours» and changed its autocomplete results. The search engine company «did not comment on its decision to alter some but not all those raised in the article,» the Guardian reported.
NPR did the same search a few weeks later and got the suggested phrases «are jews white,» «are jews a race» and «are jews christians. » There were no suggested phrases for «a-r-e w-o-m-e-n,» and «a-r-e m-u-s-l-i-m-s» suggested only «are muslims a race. »
Some experts who study search engines and their implications for democratic society have suggested there is a disconnect between the stated mission of a free and open Internet and the reality of search algorithms, which come with all the messy biases of anything designed by humans.
Internet law expert Frank Pasquale is among those who have advocated for search result algorithms in the U. S. to be regulated by the government.
«Though [dominant search engines] advocate net neutrality, they have been much less quick to recognize the threat to openness and fair play their own practices may pose,» Pasquale wrote in a 2008 paper .
U. S. courts have repeatedly dismissed challenges to search engines’ editorial control over their search results, including a case in which the court upheld Google’s right to present what the plaintiff argued were «biased search results that favor its own paid advertisers and Google-owned companies. »
Courts have repeatedly cited the First Amendment, treating search engine companies as conduits for free speech on the Internet.
Asked what, if anything, Google sees as its responsibility concerning potential hate speech in search terms and results, the spokesperson told NPR:
«The views expressed by hate sites are not in any way endorsed by Google, but search is a reflection of the content and information that is available on the Internet. We do not remove content from our search results, except in very limited cases such as illegal content, malware and violations of our webmaster guidelines, including spam and deception. »
The company did not comment on the potential role of its Internet search in the specific case of Dylann Roof.

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© Source: http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/10/508363607/what-happened-when-dylann-roof-asked-google-for-information-about-race?utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=news
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9 questions reporters want to ask Donald Trump at his news conference

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NewsHubSince the last time Donald Trump held a news conference, the Chicago Cubs won the World Series , Fidel Castro died , Mother Teresa became a saint and, oh yeah, he won the presidential election.
A lot has happened in 167 days, and a lot of questions have built up for the president-elect, who will finally end his news conference drought Wednesday. I reached out to about two dozen journalists who cover Trump to find out what they would like to ask him, if they get the chance.
Some didn’t want to tip their hands, but nine agreed to share a question (or two) from their lists, on the condition that I not publish their names. The journalists represent nine different news outlets from the left, right and center; none work for The Washington Post.
The idea was to get a feel for what the press corps is most interested in. One subject came up repeatedly: Russia.
Here are the questions on reporters’ minds, as told to me:
1. “Why do you think President Putin wanted you to win?”
2. “Do you want to ban Muslims from entering the United States or just limit visas from countries with a history of terrorism?”
3. “I’d want to know more specifics on Obamacare repeal — how he would actually maintain coverage for people if things like the individual mandate are removed before a replacement is voted in.”
4. “I would probably ask him how his plan to stabilize the U. S. relationship with Russia is any different from President Obama’s ‘Russian Reset,’ which he mocked repeatedly. Setting aside the whole Russian hacking issue, we’ve already seen one attempt to normalize relations with the Kremlin fail miserably, and I would want to ask him what specifically he would do differently than Obama, especially since he made fun of Hillary Clinton mercilessly for the red ‘reset’ button she presented [Russian Foreign Minister Sergei] Lavrov in 2009, but his plan seems more or less the same than the one she was executing at the time.”
5. “Will the Justice Department under a Trump administration, with [Jeff] Sessions presumably the AG, vigorously enforce federal laws governing marijuana in states that have legalized/decriminalized pot use for either medicinal or recreational use?”
6. “Since the election, some of your aides have said that the media takes you too literally. You yourself said you were surprised that your supporters took you seriously when you said ‘Carrier will never leave,’ calling it a euphemism. Once you’re in the White House, should the press and the American public take what you say and tweet literally or not?”
7. “I’d want to know how he thinks he’s ‘draining the swamp’ when most of his nominations are wealthy business types and associates, cronies or family members. Also, what’s the thinking behind dumping the experienced and knowledgeable Charlie Brotman (by email no less) from the inauguration announcing duties in favor of a supporter?”
8. “I’d like to ask the president-elect about his relationship with the intelligence community and how he feels about using torture on detainees.”
9. “Does he fully accept the conclusions of the intelligence community report on Russian hacking? If so, why such a positive approach to Putin? If not, what does that say about his view of U. S. intelligence capabilities?”

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Sentiment rank: -2

© Source: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/01/10/9-questions-reporters-want-to-ask-donald-trump-at-his-news-conference/
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Dylann Roof sentenced to death for killing 9 church members ::

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NewsHubPosted 6:51 p.m. today
Updated 7:07 p.m. today
By MEG KINNARD and JEFFREY COLLINS, Associated Press
CHARLESTON, S. C. — An unrepentant Dylann Roof was sentenced to death Tuesday for fatally shooting nine black church members during a Bible study session, becoming the first person ordered executed for a federal hate crime.
A jury deliberated for about three hours before returning with the decision, capping a trial in which the 22-year-old avowed white supremacist did not fight for his life or show any remorse. He served as his own attorney during sentencing and never asked for forgiveness or mercy or explained the massacre.
Hours earlier, Roof threw away one last chance to plead for his life, telling jurors, «I still feel like I had to do it. »
The slain included the Rev. Clementa Pinckney, the church pastor and a state senator, as well as other pillars of the community: a high school track coach, the church sexton, a librarian and an aspiring poet. They all shared deep devotion to the church, known as Mother Emanuel, and passed that faith along to their families, many of whom offered Roof forgiveness when he appeared in court just days after the attack.
As Roof spoke Tuesday for about five minutes, every juror looked directly at him. A few nodded as he reminded them that they said during jury selection they could fairly weigh the factors of his case. Only one of them, he noted, had to disagree to spare him from a lethal injection.
«I have the right to ask you to give me a life sentence, but I’m not sure what good it would do anyway,» he said.
When the verdict was read, he stood stoic. Several family members of victims wiped away quiet tears.
Roof told FBI agents when they arrested him after the June 17, 2015, slayings that he wanted the shootings to bring back segregation or perhaps start a race war. Instead, the slayings had a unifying effect, as South Carolina removed the Confederate flag from its Statehouse for the first time in more than 50 years. Other states followed suit, taking down Confederate banners and monuments. Roof had posed with the flag in photos.
Malcolm Graham, whose sister Cynthia Hurd was slain, said the jury made the right decision.
«There is no room in America’s smallest jail cell for hatred, racism and discrimination,» he said from his home in Charlotte, North Carolina. «The journey for me and my family today has come to an end. »
One of Hurd’s other brothers, Melvin Graham, said the jury’s decision «was a very hollow victory» because his sister is still gone.
«He decided the day, the hour and minute my sister was going to die. Now someone is going to do it for him,» he said.
Roof specifically selected Emanuel AME Church, the South’s oldest black church, to carry out the cold, calculated slaughter, Assistant U. S. Attorney Jay Richardson said.
The 12 people he targeted opened the door for a stranger with a smile, he said. Three people survived the attack.
«They welcomed a 13th person that night … with a kind word, a Bible, a handout and a chair,» Richardson said during his closing argument. «He had come with a hateful heart and a Glock.45. »
The gunman sat with the Bible study group for about 45 minutes. During the final prayer — when everyone’s eyes were closed — he started firing. He stood over some of the fallen victims, shooting them again as they lay on the floor, Richardson said.
The prosecutor reminded jurors about each one of the victims and the bloody scene that Roof left in the church’s lower level.
Nearly two dozen friends and relatives of the victims testified during the sentencing phase of the trial. They shared cherished memories and talked about a future without a mother, father, sister or brother. They shed tears, and their voices shook, but none of them said whether Roof should face the death penalty.
The prosecutor reminded jurors that Clementa Pinckney would be remembered for singing goofy songs and watching cartoons with his young daughters. In a sign of perhaps how important that testimony was, jurors re-watched a speech by Pinckney in which he talked about the history of Emanuel and its mission.
The jury convicted Roof last month of all 33 federal charges he faced, including hate crimes. He never explained his actions to jurors, saying only that «anyone who hates anything in their mind has a good reason for it. »
Roof insisted that he was not mentally ill and did not call any witnesses or present any evidence.
In one of his journals, he wrote that he did not believe in psychology, calling it «a Jewish invention» that «does nothing but invent diseases and tell people they have problems when they don’t. »
His attorneys said he did not want to present any evidence that might embarrass him or his family.
After he was sentenced, Roof asked a judge to appoint him new attorneys, but the judge said he was not inclined to do so because they had performed «admirably. »
«We are sorry that, despite our best efforts, the legal proceedings have shed so little light on the reasons for this tragedy,» the attorneys said in a veiled reference to the mental health issues they wanted to present.
A judge will formally sentence him during a hearing Wednesday. Roof also faces a death penalty trial in state court.
The last person sent to federal death row was Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev in 2015.
___
Associated Press Writer Alex Sanz contributed to this report.
___
Kinnard can be reached at http://twitter.com/MegKinnardAP. Read more of her work at http://bigstory.ap.org/content/meg-kinnard/ .
Follow Jeffrey Collins on Twitter at http://twitter.com/JSCollinsAP. His work can be found at http://bigstory.ap.org/content/jeffrey-collins .

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Obama speech: Democracy needs you, says outgoing president

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NewsHubPresident Barack Obama has called on Americans to defend their democracy in his farewell speech in Chicago.
«By almost every measure, America is a better, stronger place» than it was eight years ago when he took office, he told thousands of supporters.
But he warned «democracy is threatened whenever we take it for granted».
He implored Americans of all backgrounds to consider things from each others point of view, saying «we have to pay attention and listen».
The country’s first black president, now 55, was first elected in 2008 on a message of hope and change.
His successor, Donald Trump, has vowed to undo some of Mr Obama’s signature policies. He will be sworn into office on 20 January.
Raucous chants of «four more years» from the crowd were brushed aside by the president. «I can’t do that,» he said. US presidents are limited to two terms by the constitution.
Striking an upbeat tone, Mr Obama said that the peaceful transfer of power between presidents was a «hallmark» of American democracy.
But, he outlined three threats to American democracy — economic inequality, racial divisions and the retreat of different segments of society into «bubbles», where opinions are not based on «some common baseline of facts».
In his closing remarks he said he had one final request for Americans as president: «I am asking you to believe. Not in my ability to bring about change — but in yours. »
Returning to Chicago, where he first declared victory in 2008, Mr Obama delivered a mostly positive message to Americans after a divisive election campaign which saw to Mr Trump defeat Democrat Hillary Clinton.
Mr Obama said that young Americans — including those who worked on his campaigns, and who believe «in a fair, just, inclusive America» — left him feeling «even more optimistic about this country than I was when we started».
In choosing Chicago, Mr Obama had earlier said he wanted to return to «where it all started» for him and First Lady Michelle Obama, instead of delivering the speech from the White House.
The address was written with the idea of speaking to all Americans, including Trump supporters, officials said.
Mr Obama’s trip to Chicago is his last as president, and his 445th journey aboard Air Force One.
He said it was in the city as a young man, «still trying to figure out who I was, still searching for purpose in my life», that he «witnesses the power of faith and dignity of working people in the face of struggle and loss».
«This is where I learned that change only happens when ordinary people get involved and they get engaged and they come together to demand it,» he said. «After eight years as your president I still believe that. »
More than 20,000 people had been expected to attend the farewell address at McCormick Place, the largest convention centre in North America and the venue for Mr Obama’s speech after he defeated Mitt Romney in the 2012 election.
The tickets were given out free, but were selling online for more than $1,000 (£820) each hours ahead of the speech.
On race
After my election, there was talk of a post-racial America. Such a vision, however well-intended, was never realistic. For race remains a potent and often divisive force in our society. I’ve lived long enough to know that race relations are better than they were 10, or 20, or 30 years ago.
On his achievements
If I had told you eight years ago that America would reverse a great recession, reboot our auto industry, and unleash the longest stretch of job creation in our history… If I had told you that we would open up a new chapter with the Cuban people, shut down Iran’s nuclear weapons programme without firing a shot, and take out the mastermind of 9/11… If I had told you that we would win marriage equality, and secure the right to health insurance for another 20 million of our fellow citizens — you might have said our sights were set a little too high.
On Michelle Obama
For the past 25 years, you’ve been not only my wife and mother of my children, but my best friend. You took on a role you didn’t ask for and made it your own with grace and grit and style and good humour. You made the White House a place that belongs to everybody.
Presidential farewell addresses have long been an American political tradition.
Former Presidents George W Bush and Bill Clinton delivered theirs from the White House, while George Bush Snr gave his at the West Point military academy.
As he leaves the White House, President Obama is viewed favourably by 57% of Americans, according to an Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll, a similar level to Bill Clinton when he left office.

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© Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-38578985
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Microsoft makes big privacy changes to Windows 10 in a bid to win back user trust

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NewsHubWindows 10 has a reputation for spying on its users. So much so, that a number of privacy-based third-party programs (such as Ashampoo AntiSpy and Spybot Anti-Beacon ) have sprung up to disable Windows 10’s numerous tracking features.
In September 2015, Microsoft’s Terry Myerson defended how the company has handled privacy in Windows 10, saying in a blog post that «Trust is a core pillar of our More Personal Computing vision, and we know we have to earn it». Today, in a new blog post , he says much the same thing, but announces two new ways for users to take back control of their privacy. Does it go far enough?
Writing about the changes, Myerson says:
The privacy dashboard, which you can visit now, reiterates Microsoft’s commitment to your privacy, and reveals what information the software giant collects about you. From this page you can view and clear your browsing history. If this is something you’ve never really felt compelled to do before, Microsoft’s statement that «If browsing history in Cortana is turned on, your Microsoft Edge browsing history is sent to Microsoft so that Microsoft features and services may use this data to provide you with timely and intelligent answers and proactive personalized suggestions, or to complete tasks for you», might have you rethinking things.
You can view and clear Bing and Cortana search history from the dashboard, as well as location activity, and edit Cortana and/or Microsoft Health data, and access other privacy settings.
While the amount of personal data collected in Windows 10 might concern and surprise you, it’s not really any different to Google’s creepy My Activity page which reveals how much the search giant knows about you (a staggering amount), and at least you now have an easy way of viewing and clearing this data.
As for the forthcoming «new privacy set up experience» in Windows 10 Creators Update, Microsoft says it will replace the current Express Settings option you see when installing or upgrading Windows 10, and explain clearly all of the various important settings and make you choose which to allow before continuing. You can see how this will work in the screenshot below.
Existing Windows 10 users will receive notifications prompting them to choose their privacy settings.
Diagnostic data collection will be simplified in the Creators Update, going from three levels to just two — Basic and Full.
The amount of data collected in the former will be reduced at the same time, to just data that Microsoft considers vital to Windows’ smooth running.
Myerson finishes his post by saying:
Personally, I welcome these changes. Do they go far enough? It’s hard to say for certain until we get a good look at them in a forthcoming Insider Preview build, but they’re definitely a massive step in the right direction. What’s your view?
Photo credit: David M G / Shutterstock

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Crunch Report | Fitbit Acquires Vector Smartwatch

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NewsHubWritten by: Tito Hamze, John Mannes
Hosted and edited by: Tito Hamze
Filmed by: Joe Zolnoski
Teleprompter: Joe Zolnoski
TechCrunch C/O Tito Hamze
410 Townsend street
Suite 100
San Francisco Ca. 94107

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Tesla hires Apple’s creator of Swift as new VP of Autopilot Software

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NewsHubTesla has a new vice president heading up Autopilot efforts — Chris Lattner, whose departure from Apple was reported only earlier today. Lattner worked at Apple for 11 years, where his chief contribution was creating Swift, Apple’s most recent programming language, which is relatively easy for beginners to pick up and begin using to create apps for macOS, iOS and beyond.
The role at Tesla had been filled by SpaceX VP of Software Jinnah Hossein, who was doing double-duty at both companies (much like Elon Musk himself does in the CEO spot). Tesla says they’re “excited” about Lattner’s ability to help them “accelerate the future of autonomous driving,” in a blog post announcing the move.
Lattner’s history includes creating the Clang compiler and designing the LLVM compiler optimization infrastructure. He was also a key contributor to the evolution of Objective C and worked on Apple’s Xcode software development tool during his time at the iPhone maker. He also apparently builds beautiful raw-edge wood furniture:
Tesla’s poach of Lattner is a significant win for Tesla, given the breadth of his influence on software development and his expertise. Tesla announced late in 2016 that all of its vehicles going forward would have all the hardware on board necessary for full self-driving capabilities, and Elon Musk said that he’s aiming to have a fully autonomous coast-to-coast test drive of a Tesla car ready for the end of this year. Lattner could be a big help in achieving those ambitious goals in Musk’s typically aggressive timelines.

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Trump macht Schwiegersohn zum Berater

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NewsHubNun ist es amtlich: Der künftige Präsident Donald Trump macht seinen Schwiegersohn Jared Kushner zum Berater im Weißen Haus. Der 35-jährige orthodoxe Jude , der seit sieben Jahren mit Trumps Lieblingstochter Ivanka verheiratet ist, soll den bescheiden klingenden Titel „Senior Adviser“ tragen und formal für Israel, den Nahen Osten und die Handelspolitik zuständig sein.
Tatsächlich wird er wohl die einflussreichste Figur in Trumps direktem Umfeld bleiben, so wie er das schon in den letzten sechs Monaten des Wahlkampfs war. Mächtiger als Stabschef Reince Priebus, mächtiger als Chefberater Stephen Bannon, mächtiger als die Fachminister. Für Trump sind Familienbande noch wichtiger als politische Loyalität. Kushner hat das Ohr und das uneingeschränkte Vertrauen Trumps.
Führende Demokraten protestieren gegen die Entscheidung unter Verweis auf ein Anti-Nepotismus-Gesetz. 1967 hatte der Kongress die Ernennung naher Verwandter zu Ministern verboten, nachdem der Demokrat John F. Kennedy seinen Bruder Robert zum Justizminister gemacht hatte. Es ist unklar, ob es auch für Berater im Weißen Haus gilt.
Ungeachtet dieser Frage muss Kushner den Verdacht weiterer potenzieller Interessenkonflikte entkräften. Er führt ein Immobilienunternehmen mit Milliardenumsatz in New Jersey und New York, hat aber angekündigt, dass er sich komplett daraus zurückziehen wird. Seine Anteile will er verkaufen, ebenso seine Zeitung „The New York Observer“. Nach Trumps Wahl hatte er sich mit chinesischen Investoren für seine teuerste Immobilie in New York getroffen. Das Management der Firma soll sein Vater Charles übernehmen. Der hatte sie geführt, bis er 2005 wegen illegaler Wahlkampfspenden ins Gefängnis musste.
Mit dem konsequenten Rückzug aus dem Geschäftsleben setzt Kushner ein Beispiel, das Druck auf Trump ausübt. Auch der muss sich nach den Ethikregeln für US-Regierungen von seinen Geschäften trennen, sie am besten verkaufen oder in einen „Blind Trust“ stecken, auf dessen Management er keinen Einfluss hat. Die Vorgaben sollen eine strikte Trennung zwischen präsidialer Politik und privaten Business-Interessen garantieren.
Trump hat noch nicht gesagt, wie er Konflikte zwischen den außenpolitischen Interessen der USA und seinen Investments von Brasilien über die Türkei bis in die Philippinen lösen will. Mitte Dezember hatte er eine Pressekonferenz dazu angekündigt, sie aber wieder abgesagt. Für den heutigen Mittwoch hat er erneut seine erste Pressekonferenz seit der Wahl angesetzt. Noch ist unklar, ob er nun eine Lösung präsentiert – für sich, aber ebenso für seine Kinder. Unklar ist auch, ob er Fragen der Journalisten zulässt.
Parallel stoßen die Anhörungen der Ministerkandidaten für Trumps Kabinett im Kongress auf heftige Kritik. Für die Ernennung von Regierungsmitgliedern, leitenden Staatsangestellten, Botschaftern und Richtern benötigt der Präsident die Zustimmung des Senats. Die Demokraten beschweren sich, dass Trump und die Republikaner einen unzulässigen Zeitdruck ausüben und mit den Anhörungen an diesem Dienstag begonnen haben, obwohl die üblichen umfassenden Auskünfte über die Kandidaten und ihr Vorleben nicht komplett vorliegen.
Im Januar 2009, als Barack Obama seine Kandidaten durch die Anhörungen schleuste, hatte der republikanische Fraktionschef Mitch McConnell verlangt , der Senat dürfe mit der Anhörung nicht beginnen, ehe die Ethikwächter der Regierung die gegengeprüften „Background“- Informationen für alle designierten Minister an den Senat geleitet haben. Für vier der neuen Kandidaten, die der Senat in dieser Woche anhören soll, lagen laut „Washington Post“ am Montagabend keine kompletten Informationen vor.
Bei den meisten Regierungsbildungen sind einzelne Ministerkandidaten an den Senatsanhörungen gescheitert, oft an nicht korrekt abgeführten Steuern oder Sozialabgaben für Hausangestellte, mitunter aber auch, weil der Senat Zweifel an ihrer fachlichen oder charakterlichen Eignung äußerte. Die Anhörungen begannen am Dienstag mit Jeff Sessions, dem Kandidaten für das Justizministerium. Als er vor 30 Jahren Bundesrichter werden wollte, lehnte der Senat den Südstaatler aus Alabama wegen Rassismus-Verdacht ab. Er musste nun erklären, warum der Einwand heute nicht mehr gelten soll.
Über den designierten Verteidigungsminister James Mattis hat die Öffentlichkeit erfahren, dass er als pensionierter General Millionen verdient: als Aufsichtsrat in Rüstungsunternehmen, aus fünfstelligen Redehonoraren und für Lehrtätigkeit an der Uni Stanford.

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Obama ruft Landsleute zum Zusammenhalt auf

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NewsHubChicago (dpa) — Der scheidende US-Präsident Barack Obama hat in seiner Abschiedsrede seine Landsleute zum Zusammenhalt und zur aktiven Bürgerschaft aufgerufen. Die Ungleichheit, vor allem zwischen Schwarzen und Weißen in den Vereinigten Staaten, müsse überwunden werden. «Wir sind noch nicht dort, wo wir hin wollen», sagte er vor Tausenden jubelnden Zuhörern in Chicago. Dennoch sei Amerika ein «besserer Platz, als zu dem Zeitpunkt, an dem wir angefangen haben. » Obama wird sein Amt am 20. Januar offiziell abgeben. An diesem Tag wird Donald Trump das Amt als Staats- und Regierungschef übernehmen.

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Charleston-Schütze Dylann Roof zum Tode verurteilt

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NewsHubEin US-Bundesgericht hat den Todesschützen von Charleston zum Tode verurteilt. Dylann Roof solle für die Ermordung von neun schwarzen Gläubigen in einer Kirche mit dem Leben bezahlen und per Todesspritze hingerichtet werden, entschied eine Jury in Charleston.
Es ist das erste Mal, dass ein US-Bundesgericht einen Menschen wegen eines Hassverbrechens zum Tode verurteilt.
Der 22-jährige Weiße, der sich selber als Rassist bezeichnet, hatte sich zu der Tat ausdrücklich bekannt. Er war in 33 Punkten angeklagt, unter anderem wegen Mordes und Hassverbrechens. Er wurde bereits im Dezember in allen Punkten schuldig gesprochen.
Roof hatte mehr als 70 Mal auf seine Opfer gefeuert. Staatsanwalt Jay Richardson hatte an die kaltblütige Vorgehensweise Roofs erinnert: «Er hat sich entschieden, neun gute und unschuldige Frauen und Männer hinzurichten (…), aus gefühllosem Hass auf ihre Hautfarbe.»
Im Prozess hatten Überlebende die Tat in bewegenden Worten geschildert. Als Bilder der Tat gezeigt wurden, brachen Mitglieder der Jury in Tränen aus.
Das Video einer Sicherheitskamera zeigt Roof am Abend des 17. Juni 2015 beim Betreten und Verlassen der Emmanuel-Kirche. Er hatte ausgesagt, sich fast nicht getraut zu haben — dann aber habe er sich doch entschlossen.
Er betrat die Kirche und feuerte mit seiner Pistole auf die wehrlosen Gläubigen. Roof gestand bereits bei seiner Festnahme einen Tag nach der Tat ohne Umschweife. Während des Verfahrens vorgebrachte Zweifel an seiner Zurechnungsfähigkeit wischte er selbst beiseite.
Roof hatte vor der Tat im Internet ein Pamphlet zu seinen rassistischen Motiven veröffentlicht. Mehrmals war er zu der Kirche gegangen, um den Ort auszukundschaften. Er hatte auch mehrfach Freunden gegenüber geäußert, dass er Afroamerikaner töten wolle.
Später sagte Roof, er habe einen Krieg zwischen Schwarz und Weiß anzetteln wollen: «Mit einer geplanten, durchdachten, schrecklichen Attacke». Von dem Geld, das er zu seinem 21. Geburtstag von seinen Eltern bekam, kaufte er sich die Schusswaffe, Kaliber 45.
Die Verteidigung hatte davon abgesehen, Roofs Unschuld beweisen zu wollen. Stattdessen versuchte sie, ihn als Einzelgänger zu zeichnen, der von rassistischer Hetze im Internet irregeleitet wurde.
Aus vielen rassistischen Zwischenfällen der vergangenen Jahre in Amerika ragte Dylanns entsetzliche Tat heraus. Sie löste über die USA hinaus Entsetzen aus. Sie bewegte US-Präsident Barack Obama dazu, bei einer Gedenkfeier für die Opfer das «Amazing Grace» zu singen, eine Hymne der Schwarzen-Bewegung. (dpa)

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© Source: http://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/politik/Charleston-Schuetze-Dylann-Roof-zum-Tode-verurteilt-id40179907.html
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